![]() ![]() The ICC is responsible for bringing to justice persons accused of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Since then, on 17 July 1998, States adopted the Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), called the Rome Statute, which entered into force on 1 July 2002. ▸ International Conventions ▸ Security Council The other method would have been to adopt a treaty creating such a body, which would have required States’ consent and then ratification. Such resolutions are binding on all States, and the Tribunals were established in this manner so as to impose their jurisdiction directly on all States. The UN Security Council set up both Tribunals through resolutions adopted under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was established in 1993, and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) in 1994, to investigate and punish the perpetrators of the egregious crimes committed during those conflicts. After the conflicts in Rwanda and in the former Yugoslavia, and in the absence of a permanent international criminal court, the international community chose to establish two ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals to prosecute individuals responsible for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and acts of genocide in these two specific situations.
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